Kitchen Conversion Cheat Sheet
Every measurement a recipe can throw at you, in one table — cups, spoons, ounces, oven temperatures, and the three that differ by country.
Published September 3, 2026
One page for every measurement a recipe can throw at you. Bookmark it.
Volume, at a glance
| Measure | Millilitres | Also equals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 teaspoon | 4.93 (call it 5) | ⅓ tablespoon |
| 1 tablespoon (US) | 14.79 | 3 teaspoons |
| 1 fluid ounce (US) | 29.57 | 2 tablespoons |
| ¼ cup | 59.15 | 4 tbsp |
| ⅓ cup | 78.86 | 5 tbsp + 1 tsp |
| ½ cup | 118.29 | 8 tbsp |
| ¾ cup | 177.44 | 12 tbsp |
| 1 cup (US) | 236.59 | 8 fl oz, 16 tbsp |
| 1 pint (US) | 473.18 | 2 cups |
| 1 quart (US) | 946.35 | 4 cups |
| 1 gallon (US) | 3,785.41 | 16 cups |
Converters: cups to ml · ml to cups · tablespoons to ml · teaspoons to ml · oz to ml · pints to ml · quarts to liters
Weight
| Measure | Grams |
|---|---|
| 1 ounce | 28.35 |
| 4 oz (¼ lb) | 113.4 |
| 8 oz (½ lb) | 226.8 |
| 1 pound | 453.59 |
| 1 kilogram | 1,000 (2.205 lb) |
Converters: oz to grams · grams to oz · lbs to kg · kg to lbs · kg to grams
Oven temperatures
°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9. Subtract first, then multiply.
| °F | °C exact | Written as | Gas mark |
|---|---|---|---|
| 275 | 135 | 140 | 1 |
| 300 | 149 | 150 | 2 |
| 325 | 163 | 160 | 3 |
| 350 | 177 | 180 | 4 |
| 375 | 191 | 190 | 5 |
| 400 | 204 | 200 | 6 |
| 425 | 218 | 220 | 7 |
| 450 | 232 | 230 | 8 |
Converters: Fahrenheit to Celsius · Celsius to Fahrenheit
Fan ovens run hotter. Drop a conventional temperature by about 20°C — a 180°C recipe becomes 160°C fan. Most American recipes assume conventional and never say so.
The three that differ by country
Almost everything above is universal. These are not.
The cup. US customary 237 ml · metric (UK, Australia, NZ, Canada) 250 ml · Japanese 200 ml. The metric cup is 5.7% larger, which across four cups of flour is nearly a full extra US cup.
The tablespoon. US 14.8 ml · UK and metric 15 ml · Australia 20 ml. The Australian spoon holds four teaspoons, not three. Following an Australian recipe with a US spoon leaves you 26% short on every spoonful.
The fluid ounce. US 29.6 ml · imperial 28.4 ml. The imperial one is smaller, even though the imperial pint (568 ml) is larger than the US pint (473 ml) — because Britain divides its pint into 20 fluid ounces and America into 16.
The trap that is not a conversion
Ounces measure two different things. An ounce (oz) is a weight: 28.35 g. A fluid ounce (fl oz) is a volume: 29.6 ml. They are close enough for water to be confused constantly, and wrong for anything else.
8 oz of flour is 227 g. 8 fl oz of flour is about 125 g. Nearly half as much.
The rule: weight ounces for solids, fluid ounces for liquids.
Common ingredient weights
Because a cup of a dry ingredient is not a fixed quantity:
| 1 US cup of | Grams |
|---|---|
| Water | 237 |
| Flour (spooned, levelled) | 120–125 |
| Flour (scooped) | 140–150 |
| Granulated sugar | 200 |
| Brown sugar (packed) | 220 |
| Butter | 227 |
| Rolled oats | 90 |
| Rice (uncooked) | 185 |
That 120–150 g range for flour is the single largest source of error in home baking — a 25% swing on the main structural ingredient, and larger than any national difference on this page.
Weigh dry ingredients. Cups are an honest unit for liquids, where volume is exactly what you want. For flour, sugar and anything that compresses, a scale removes an entire category of failure. Where a recipe gives both grams and cups, use the grams.
Butter, for Americans and everyone else
| US | Grams | Tablespoons |
|---|---|---|
| 1 stick | 113 | 8 |
| ½ stick | 57 | 4 |
| 2 sticks (1 cup) | 227 | 16 |
A stick is ½ cup, 4 oz, or 113 g. Outside the US butter comes in 200 g or 250 g blocks, so convert by weight rather than trying to match sticks.